Adenomyosis: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatments

Adenomyosis is a condition in which the inner lining of the uterus (the endometrium) breaks through the muscle wall of the uterus (the myometrium).

Adenomyosis can cause menstrual cramps, lower abdominal pressure, and bloating before menstrual periods and can result in heavy periods. The condition can be located throughout the entire uterus or localized in one spot as per explanation by Dr Rama Sofat.

What Are the Symptoms of Adenomyosis?

While some women diagnosed with adenomyosis have no symptoms, the disease can cause:

Heavy, prolonged menstrual bleeding
Severe menstrual cramps
Abdominal pressure and bloating

Cause Of Adenomyosis?

Though much more research needs to go into what specifically can cause endometriosis, there are many theories. First and foremost, adenomyosis can form from endometriosis by endometrial tissue extension from outside the uterus.

The term extrinsic involvement of the uterus with adenomyosis defines this abnormal growth process going from outside the uterus to inside. This is common in advanced endometriosis wherein deeply infiltrating endometriosis infiltrates the back of the uterus from the cervix.

What are the Risk Factors of Adenomyosis?

Most commonly adenomyosis is found in middle-aged patients, ranging from the forties to fifties. Classical training preaches that adenomyosis is usually found in females that have given birth, especially multiple times, whereas endometriosis will be more commonly found in infertile couples as described by Dr Rama Sofat.

However, recent data shows that many young patients that have never given birth have adenomyosis. Endometriosis can also be found in patients who have given birth many times.

Treatment For Adenomyosis

Laparoscopic deep excision surgery within the uterus:
This is the gold standard for minimally invasive excision surgery of adenomyosis that is classified as either focal or adenomyoma.
At Dr Rama Sofat Hospital we provide best treatment for adenomyosis.

Hysterectomy or partial hysterectomy:
This is a surgical technique in which the uterus or part of the uterus is removed. It should be performed with caution and only in cases of severe diffuse adenomyosis.